1.
Clin Immunol
; 217: 108496, 2020 08.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-596827
Subject(s)
Antibody-Dependent Enhancement , Antigen-Antibody Complex/biosynthesis , Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Immune Complex Diseases/immunology , Pneumonia, Viral/therapy , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/therapy , Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , Antigen-Antibody Complex/drug effects , Betacoronavirus/immunology , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/immunology , Coronavirus Infections/virology , Humans , Immune Complex Diseases/complications , Immune Complex Diseases/drug therapy , Immune Complex Diseases/virology , Immunity, Humoral , Immunization, Passive/methods , Immunoglobulin G/biosynthesis , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/immunology , Pneumonia, Viral/virology , Receptors, Complement/immunology , Receptors, Complement/metabolism , SARS-CoV-2 , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/complications , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/immunology , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/virology , Severity of Illness Index , COVID-19 Serotherapy
2.
Clin Immunol
; 217: 108493, 2020 08.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-574786
Subject(s)
Antigen-Antibody Complex/biosynthesis , Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity , Coronavirus Infections/immunology , Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology , Immune Complex Diseases/immunology , Pneumonia, Viral/immunology , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/immunology , Vasculitis/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , Antigen-Antibody Complex/drug effects , Betacoronavirus/immunology , Blood Vessels/drug effects , Blood Vessels/immunology , Blood Vessels/pathology , Blood Vessels/virology , COVID-19 , Complement C3/antagonists & inhibitors , Complement C3/biosynthesis , Complement Inactivating Agents/therapeutic use , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy , Coronavirus Infections/virology , Cytokine Release Syndrome/complications , Cytokine Release Syndrome/drug therapy , Cytokine Release Syndrome/virology , Humans , Immune Complex Diseases/complications , Immune Complex Diseases/drug therapy , Immune Complex Diseases/virology , Immunity, Humoral/drug effects , Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein/therapeutic use , Interleukin-6/antagonists & inhibitors , Interleukin-6/biosynthesis , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy , Pneumonia, Viral/virology , Receptors, Interleukin-1/antagonists & inhibitors , Receptors, Interleukin-1/biosynthesis , SARS-CoV-2 , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/complications , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/drug therapy , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/virology , Severity of Illness Index , Vasculitis/complications , Vasculitis/drug therapy , Vasculitis/virology
3.
Clin Immunol
; 217: 108487, 2020 08.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-436345
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing public health emergency and new knowledge about its immunopathogenic mechanisms is deemed necessary in the attempt to reduce the death burden, globally. For the first time in worldwide literature, we provide scientific evidence that in COVID-19 vasculitis a life-threatening escalation from type 2 T-helper immune response (humoral immunity) to type 3 hypersensitivity (immune complex disease) takes place. The subsequent deposition of immune complexes inside the vascular walls is supposed to induce a severe inflammatory state and a cytokine release syndrome, whose interleukin-6 is the key myokine, from the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels.